SSH into a passwordless windows 10 pc

3 min read 19-10-2024

the ifix

Accessing your Windows 10 PC remotely via SSH (Secure Shell) is a popular method for managing systems, especially for developers and IT professionals. In this article, we will walk you through the process of SSHing into a passwordless Windows 10 PC, ensuring a streamlined and efficient connection.

Problem Scenario

Imagine you want to connect to your Windows 10 PC remotely without the hassle of typing in your password every time. Setting up a passwordless SSH connection can save time and improve productivity. Below is an example of a basic SSH connection command that you might have initially used, which typically requires a password:

ssh username@your_windows_pc_ip

While effective, this command will prompt for a password, which isn't ideal for automation or frequent connections.

Understanding the Solution

To create a passwordless SSH connection, we can use SSH key-based authentication. This involves generating an SSH key pair (a public key and a private key), and copying the public key to your Windows 10 PC's SSH configuration. Below are the steps to achieve this:

Step 1: Install OpenSSH on Windows 10

Open Settings: Go to the Start Menu, then select Settings.
Go to Apps: Click on Apps, then Optional Features.
Add a Feature: Scroll down and select Add a feature.
Search for OpenSSH: Find and install OpenSSH Server and OpenSSH Client.

Step 2: Generate SSH Key Pair

On your local machine (Linux, macOS, or Windows with WSL):

Open your terminal and run:
```
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048
```
When prompted, press Enter to accept the default file location (usually ~/.ssh/id_rsa), and if asked for a passphrase, just press Enter to create a passwordless key.

Step 3: Copy the Public Key to Windows 10 PC

Use the ssh-copy-id command to add your public key to the authorized_keys file on your Windows 10 PC:

First, ensure that the SSH service is running on your Windows 10 PC. You can start it by running:
```
net start sshd
```
Now, use the following command:
```
ssh-copy-id username@your_windows_pc_ip
```
You’ll need to enter your password once here, but afterward, it won’t be required.

Step 4: Test the Passwordless Connection

Now you can test your passwordless SSH connection:

ssh username@your_windows_pc_ip

If everything is set up correctly, you should be logged in without being prompted for a password.

Additional Explanations and Considerations

Security: Using SSH keys enhances security compared to password authentication. The private key should be kept secret and secure, and it's advisable not to share it. Ensure that your public key is the only one added to the authorized_keys on the Windows machine.
Firewall Configuration: Ensure that your Windows Firewall allows traffic on the SSH port (default is 22). You might need to add an inbound rule to allow this traffic.
Remote Access: You can now run scripts or commands remotely without the need to authenticate each time, which is particularly useful in server management or automation scenarios.

Conclusion

Creating a passwordless SSH connection to a Windows 10 PC is a valuable skill for anyone who frequently accesses their computer remotely. By following these simple steps, you can enhance your workflow and productivity.

Useful Resources

With these instructions and tips, you'll be well-equipped to SSH into your Windows 10 PC without a password, streamlining your remote access and management tasks. Happy SSHing!